Energy Electric
what`s the difference between electric potential energy,electric potential and potential difference?
If you get what Electric potential energy is, then you’ll get the rest also.
There are very minor difference between the three. Let us take them one by one.
Electric Potential Energy : It is the work done in bringing a positive test charge from infinity to inside an electric field of another charge (Q).
Its mathematical expression is
U = k (Qq)/r
where,
k = 1/{4(pi)(epsilon)}
k is a constant having value approx 9 x 10^(9)
q = value of test charge
Q = amount of charge
r = distance between charge Q and test charge
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Electric Potential : It is the Electric Potential energy stored per unit test charge.
It is very simple to understand. If in the previous definition test charge (q) was 1 coulomb then Electric Potential Energy is called as Electric Potential.
Mathematical Representation :
V = k Q/R
where symbols have the same meaning as above.
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Potential Difference :
To understand this you need to understand that potential is a function of distance. As you move closer to stationary charge (Q), potential increases as it is inversely proportional to the distance (you can see the mathematical formula). This means as you move a very small distance towards the stationary charge (Q) the potential increases slightly. Now if you take to positions X and Y in which Y is closer to Q, then you can say that potential at Y is greater than that at X.
If you assume the potential at X to be [P1] and potential at Y to be [P2] then by potential difference you mean
ΔV = [P2] – [P1]
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